Others have multiple degrees of freedom, but at the expense of greater risk of injury. Some are relatively immobile, but are more stable. There are seven types of synovial joints.
The blood supply of a synovial joint is derived from the arteries sharing in the anastomosis around the joint. A damage to this occurs in a Gosselin fracture. The bone surrounding the joint on the proximal side is sometimes called the plafond, especially in the talocrural joint. Bursae - saclike structures that are situated strategically to alleviate friction in some joints (shoulder and knee) that are filled with fluid that is similar to synovial fluid.Accessory ligaments (extracapsular and intracapsular) - the fibers of some fibrous membranes are arranged in parallel bundles of dense regular connective tissue that are highly adapted for resisting strains to prevent extreme movements that may damage the articulation.Tendons - cords of dense regular connective tissue composed of parallel bundles of collagen fibers.Articular fat pads - adipose tissue pads that protect the articular cartilage, as seen in the infrapatellar fat pad in the knee.Articular discs or menisci - the fibrocartilage pads between opposing surfaces in a joint.Many, but not all, synovial joints also contain additional structures: Articular cartilage: the bones of a synovial joint are covered by this layer of hyaline cartilage that lines the epiphyses of joint end of bone with a smooth, slippery surface that does not bind them together articular cartilage functions to absorb shock and reduce friction during movement.Joint capsule: the fibrous capsule, continuous with the periosteum of articulating bones, surrounds the diarthrosis and unites the articulating bones the joint capsule consists of two layers - (1) the outer fibrous membrane that may contain ligaments and (2) the inner synovial membrane that secretes the lubricating, shock absorbing, and joint-nourishing synovial fluid the joint capsule is highly innervated, but without blood and lymph vessels, and receives nutrition from the surrounding blood supply via either diffusion (a slow process) or by convection, a far more efficient process achieved through exercise.Synovial cavity: all diarthroses have the characteristic space between the bones that is filled with synovial fluid.Synovial joints contain the following structures: As with most other joints, synovial joints achieve movement at the point of contact of the articulating bones. They are the most common and most movable type of joint in the body of a mammal. The joint capsule is made up of an outer layer of fibrous membrane, which keeps the bones together structurally, and an inner layer, the synovial membrane, which seals in the synovial fluid. The synovial cavity/joint is filled with synovial fluid.
#Select all that are true of synovial fluid. free#
This joint unites long bones and permits free bone movement and greater mobility. A synovial joint, also known as diarthrosis, joins bones or cartilage with a fibrous joint capsule that is continuous with the periosteum of the joined bones, constitutes the outer boundary of a synovial cavity, and surrounds the bones' articulating surfaces.
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